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When we use the term "hip
joint," most people are actually referring to more than one joint. The
true hip joint is a ball-and-socket joint where the head (ball) of the
thigh bone (femur) meets the acetabulum (socket) of the hip. Another is
the sacroiliac joint, formed where the sacrum meets the ilium. All of these joints are part of the pelvic structure and
therefore biomechanically influence one another. The true hip joint can
commonly be affected by wear and tear arthritis (degenerative arthritis)
which is characterized by a wearing away of the cartilage in the joint. As
the protective cartilage is worn away, bare bone is exposed within the
joint leading to stiffness, pain and sometimes hip replacement surgery.
The sacroiliac joints are also prone to arthritis as well as subluxation,
and are a common cause of low back pain.
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